SKIN LESION GUIDE

Discover lesions that we are able to remove via electrocoagulation
All pictures courtesy of Dermnet

Skin tags, also known as acrochordons, are small, soft, skin-colored growths that hang off the skin. They are typically found in areas where the skin folds or rubs against itself, such as the neck, armpits, groin, and eyelids. Skin tags are made of collagen and blood vessels surrounded by a layer of skin. While the exact cause of skin tags is not fully understood, they are believed to be caused by friction, hormonal changes, and genetics. They are generally harmless and painless, but may become irritated if they are constantly rubbed by clothing or jewelry. In some cases, skin tags may also be removed for cosmetic reasons or if they become irritated. If you notice any changes in the appearance of your skin tags, such as bleeding, color changes, or rapid growth, it is important to consult a dermatologist for proper evaluation and treatment.

MOLES

Benign moles are common skin growths that are typically composed of clusters of pigment cells. They are usually round or oval, can vary in color, and often have a smooth or slightly raised surface. While benign moles are harmless, some people may choose to have them removed for cosmetic reasons or if they become irritated or bothersome. One common method for removing benign moles is through electrocautery, which uses a small electrical current to burn off the mole. This process is relatively quick and can be done in a doctor's office. The area may scab over and heal within a few weeks. It's important to consult with a dermatologist or healthcare professional before choosing to remove a benign mole, as they can provide guidance on the best course of action based on the individual's specific situation.

SEBBORHEIC KERATOSES

CHERRY ANGIOMA

Cherry angiomas are small, red or purple growths that appear on the skin, usually on the trunk or limbs. They are made up of clusters of dilated capillaries and can vary in size. The cause of cherry angiomas is not entirely clear, but they are thought to be related to aging, sun exposure, and genetics. These benign growths are typically harmless and do not require treatment unless they become bothersome or bleed. They are commonly found in adults over the age of 30 and their prevalence increases with age. While cherry angiomas are not a cause for concern, it is important to monitor any changes in size, shape, or color and consult a healthcare professional if there are any concerns.

DERMATOSIS PAPULOSA NIGRA (DPN)

Dermatosis papulosa nigra is a common skin condition that primarily affects individuals with darker skin tones. These small, dark brown to black papules typically appear on the face and neck, and are often mistaken for moles. The cause of dermatosis papulosa nigra is unknown, but it is believed to be hereditary. These papules are made up of a combination of melanin, keratin, and other cellular debris. While they are benign and do not pose any health risks, they can be cosmetically bothersome to some individuals.

DILATED VESSELS

Dilated facial vessels, also known as telangiectasia, appear as small, red or purple blood vessels on the skin, often resembling spider veins. They are caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, sun damage, aging, and certain medical conditions. These vessels are made up of tiny capillaries close to the surface of the skin, and their dilation results in their visible appearance. Electrocoagulation is a common method used to remove dilated facial vessels. During this procedure, a small electric current is applied to the vessel, causing it to coagulate and collapse. Over time, the body reabsorbs the collapsed vessel, resulting in a smoother and more even skin tone. Electrocoagulation is a safe and effective way to address dilated facial vessels, and can be performed by qualified medical professionals.

SEBACEOUS HYPERPLASIA

Sebaceous hyperplasia is a common skin condition characterised by small, yellowish or flesh-coloured bumps on the face, particularly the forehead, nose, and cheeks. These bumps are caused by overgrowth of the sebaceous (oil) glands, which are responsible for producing the skin's natural oils. Sebaceous hyperplasia is more commonly seen in middle-aged and older adults, and it can be exacerbated by factors such as sun exposure and genetics. The bumps are made of a combination of enlarged sebaceous glands and trapped oil, which gives them their distinctive appearance. While sebaceous hyperplasia is not harmful, it can be cosmetically bothersome for some individuals. Treatment options may include topical retinoids, laser therapy, or electrocoagulation to reduce the appearance of the bumps.

XANTHELASMA

WARTS

Warts are small, rough growths that appear on the skin and are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). They can vary in appearance, from smooth, flat warts to rough, cauliflower-like warts. Warts are made of keratin, a hard protein that is also found in the skin and nails. The HPV virus causes the skin cells to grow rapidly, leading to the formation of warts. Warts are commonly found on the hands, feet, and genital area, and can be spread through direct contact with an infected person or by touching an object that has been in contact with a wart. While warts are generally harmless and can disappear on their own, they can be unsightly and cause discomfort, so treatment options are available to remove them.

Milia are small, white or yellowish bumps that typically appear on the face. They are caused by the accumulation of keratin, a protein that is naturally found in the skin, within the hair follicles. These bumps are often mistaken for whiteheads, but unlike whiteheads, milia do not have an opening and cannot be squeezed out. Milia can occur in people of all ages and are generally harmless. They are made up of keratin and sebum, which is the oily substance produced by the skin. While the exact cause of milia is not fully understood, they can develop as a result of skin damage, sun exposure, or the use of heavy skincare products. In most cases, milia will eventually resolve on their own, but they can also be removed by a dermatologist if desired.

MILIA

SKIN TAGS

Benign seborrheic keratoses are non-cancerous growths on the skin that are commonly found in older individuals. They are composed of keratin, a protein that makes up the outer layer of the skin. These growths can vary in size, color, and texture, and are often described as waxy or scaly. While they are generally harmless, some people may choose to have them removed for cosmetic reasons or if they become irritated. One common method of removal is electrocautery, which uses a small electrical current to burn and destroy the growth. This procedure is typically quick and relatively low-risk, and can effectively remove the keratoses without leaving a significant scar. It is important to consult a dermatologist or healthcare professional to determine the best course of action for removing benign seborrheic keratoses.

Xanthelasma are yellowish, flat, fat deposits that form under the skin, usually around the eyes. They are made up of cholesterol and are often a sign of high levels of cholesterol in the blood. These deposits can vary in size and may appear as a single lump or in clusters. The exact cause of xanthelasma is not fully understood, but they are often associated with conditions such as high cholesterol, diabetes, and liver disease. They are usually harmless, but can be a cosmetic concern for some individuals. In some cases, they may also be a sign of a more serious underlying health issue. Treatment options for xanthelasma include medication to lower cholesterol levels, surgical removal, or laser therapy. It is important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment options.